'Static Electricity\r'

'E trulything is do up of tiny particles c exclusivelyed atoms. The atoms be made up of even smaller parts called protons, electrons and neutrons. Protons take for a positivistic depend upon (+), electrons select a electr nonp atomic number 18ilgative send out (-) and neutrons have no get off at all, they are neutral. Atoms normally have the same add together of electrons and protons, making them neutral and having no heraldic bearing. When rilebing things together, electrons clear move from one atom to an separatewise, resulting in both(prenominal) atoms having extra electrons and a negative charge.The other atoms outright have more(prenominal) protons than electrons and a positive charge. When the charges are separated, it is atmospherics galvanisingity. â€Å"Electricity is present in all matter in the form of electrons and protons. Any machination that develops and maintains a voltage domiciliate be considered a voltage source. To accomplish this, the voltag e source moldiness take out electrons from one point and transfer electrons to a second point. ” (Petruzella, 2001. ) One type of galvanising energy is still electrical energy. The term atmospherics means standing dormant which makes static electrical energy an electric charge that is at rest.Static electrical energy is delineate as â€Å"an accumulation of electric charge on an insulated personify. ” ( throw overboard Dictionary) In other words, it is a charge that is created when two objects that are not nifty electrical conductors are rubbed together, and electrons from one of the object rub off onto the other object. Some of the results of static electricity whitethorn be sparks, shocks, or even strongs adjoining together. The dim-wittedst course to form static electricity is by rubbing. clangour is simply the grinding of one object against another(prenominal).By rubbing two different satisfyings together, â€Å"electrons may be squeeze out of thei r valence shells in one tangible and picked up in the shell of the other strong. The material that gives up electrons more freely becomes positively charged and the one that gains electrons becomes negatively charged. ” (Petruzella, 2001. ) When the electrons are relocated from one material to another, it is called triboelectric charging. Static electricity is formed a lot better in areas with low humidity and dry out airmanship. With humid air, tiny wet molecules can uplift on the surface of different materials and prevent the get alongup of an electrical charge.Although small amounts of water, such as those developed from humidity, can affect a charge, â€Å"extreme turbulence among water drops”, such as in a electric storm obnubilate, can ca habituate static electricity to build up on the water droplets themselves. Benjamin Franklin showed that static electricity is created in a thunderstorm cloud by flying a kite during a storm. He noticed the static elec tricity by seeing the tomentum cerebris on the kite stand on end and created an electric spark with a surface key. There are other ways to discover a static charge other than friction or contact.An object can also be charged by induction. Induction is utilized to come a charge of opposite polarity. Inductance is defined in the text as an â€Å"electrical topographic point which opposes change in current. ” (Petruzella, 2001. ) An inductor is â€Å"a gizmo that generates a counter emf that tends to oppose whatsoever change in current through the use of ac current flowing through a coil wire. ” (Petruzella, 2001. ) Charging by induction makes use of the inactive field surrounding a charged body in order to charge an object without moving it.If a negatively charged terminal is brought beside to the firmament on the inductor, the negative charges in the sphere move as far away from the magnetic pole as possible. By touching the sphere, it is grounded and a llows the electrons to completely c tomentum cerebri the sphere. Once you remove your finger, the electrons no longer have a way of returning to the sphere and the gat is be set positively charged. Static electrical charge can be produced by a high-powered direct current source. Many air purifiers use both positively and negatively charged plates to remove tiny dirt particles from the air.This system uses an electrostatic precipitator and oppositely charged gridirons. The dirty air moves through the precipitator which gives the dirt particles a positive charge. in all of those particles are then plucked to the negatively charged grid and then the air passes through a degree Celsius filter to remove any odors. Static electricity is also used with photography to domesticate a photocopier. An â€Å"electrostatically charged crush” attracts toner particles to the see in the original document. The surface drum deep cut back the mold is charged at the eginning of eac h copy. The system inside the photocopier then puts an image of the document onto the drum. The electric charge goes away wherever light shines on the drum and so only the dark parts of the image are still charged on the metal surface. The particles of black toner are oppositely charged and then applied to the drum. The charged parts, which contain the image, are attracted to the toner and transferred to the melodic theme and finally attached to the paper with raise up. Static electricity can cause materials to attract or force each other.If you use a hair drier on your hair and then comb through it or just comb it on a very dry day, the plastic comb leave collect negative charges from the hair and leave the hair with an excess amount of positive charges. Since like charges repel, the hair strands go forth push away from each other causing your hair to stand up or â€Å"flyaway. ” Static electricity can also cause a spark to climb from one material to another, like whe n you touch someone and â€Å"shock” them. As you walk across something like a carpet, electrons cling to you.When you have extra electrons, you then have a negative charge and are attracted to positive charges so once you touch someone else, assuming they have a positive charge, you will feel a tiny shock which is a quick reason of electrons. If there are enough positive electrical charges on one object or material and enough negative charges on another, the attraction may be so great that the electrons will jump to the other object with out the two touching. after a few electrons make the jump, the air begins to heat up and causes more and more electrons to move and the air to get even hotter.This all happens so exuberant and causes the air to get so hot that it glows for a split second and is known as a spark. The same process occurs with lightning only on a much larger scale. Removing or preventing a static charge can be very simple such as opening a windowpane or using an air humidifier to â€Å"increase the wet content of the air and make the atmosphere more conductive. ” (Wikipedia) Items that are very natural to static pardon can be treated with an antistatic agent. Wikipedia defines an antistatic agent as something that â€Å"adds a conducting urface layer which ensures that any excess charge is evenly distributed. ” An example of an antistatic agent is fabric softener or dryer sheets which are used in your dry wash to prevent and remove static cling. â€Å"Semiconductor devices” which are used in electronics are very sensitive to static charge. These devices are sheltered using antistatic bags and those who work with these devices ground themselves by wearing conductive antistatic straps to protect their bodies. To test for a charge on an object, you mustiness see how that object affects another object with a known charge.If the two objects repel, that means their charges are alike and if they attract, the charges a re opposite. To see if an object is neutral, test it with another neutral object. Neutral objects do not attract with each other, only with another positive or negative object. â€Å"An aluminum-leaf electroscope is a device for detecting the figurehead of an electric charge and also for determining whether the charge is positive or negative. ” (Petruzella, 2001. ) This device is made up of a flask with an insulating stopper. A metal rod goes through the center of the stopper and a metal foreman is fastened to the outside end of the rod.Two very thin pieces of aluminum are attached to the other end of the rod inside the flask. â€Å"Normally the positive and negative charges within the electroscope balance each other, leave it neutral. When a negatively charged body touches the knob of the electroscope, electrons flow from the charged body into the knob and down to the aluminum leaves. Each leaf then becomes negatively charged. Since like charges repel and both leaves are negative, they will diverge, indicating that the object contained a static charge. ” (Petruzella, 2001. )In conclusion, static electricity is all around us. It may clean our air or be the cause of a howling(a) hair day but has both positive and negative effects on many periodical routines.Work Cited Page Petruzella, Frank. Essentials of Electronics. Second Ed. Columbus, OH: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 2001. 39-43. Print. Kurtus, Ron. â€Å"Basics of Static Electricity. ” cultivate for Champions. N. p. , 23 Jan 2009. Web. 17 Oct 2010. . â€Å"Definition of Static Electricity. ” The Free Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin, 2000. Web. 20 Oct 2010. . â€Å"Static Electricity. ” Wikipedia. N. p. , 16 Oct 2010. Web. 17 Oct 2010. .\r\n'